Jakarta - statistics & facts

The Special Capital Region of Jakarta is Indonesia’s largest city that holds a status equivalent to a province. The city serves as the economic, cultural, political, and administrative center of Indonesia. With an exceptionally high population density, it stands among the most populous cities in the world. In 2022, Jakarta generated a Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of more than three quadrillion Indonesian rupiah, the highest among all other provinces in the country. The wholesale and retail trade sector leads Jakarta’s economic landscape, followed by manufacturing.

Urban challenges: from traffic to pollution

As a metropolitan city, Jakarta is faced with its own challenges, predominantly in the form of traffic congestion and pollution. Ranked among the world’s most polluted major cities, Jakarta consistently faces very low air quality, indicated by its high PM2.5 levels. The bustling city also has one of the highest traffic congestion levels in Asia. The recently launched Jakarta Light Rail Transit (LRT), increased number of public transportation services, and road infrastructure developments demonstrate the efforts to combat these challenges. However, despite these initiatives, persistent factors like the growing number of vehicles and ingrained personal vehicle usage habits contribute to exacerbating Jakarta’s traffic issues.

Housing crisis in Jakarta

As Jakarta grapples with a housing crisis, land prices have kept soaring. As of 2023, the average land price of residential homes within the city reached nearly 16 million Indonesian rupiah per square meter. Limited affordable housing and developed areas for landed houses has led many Jakartans to look for houses in Greater Jakarta’s satellite cities such as Bogor, Depok, Bekasi, Tangerang, and South Tangerang. Furthermore, robust infrastructure development in Tangerang over the past decades has attracted an extensive number of Jakarta residents, leading them to relocate, resulting in a lower residential property sales rate in Jakarta compared to Tangerang.

Indonesia’s plan to relocate its capital

The Indonesian government is currently developing the Capital City of Nusantara (Ibu Kota Nusantara/IKN), which is located in East Kalimantan, to replace Jakarta as its national capital. The decision stems from a long-standing economic imbalance between regions on Java Island, particularly Jakarta, and other regions in the archipelago. However, there were public objections among citizens disagreeing with this plan, with many showing skepticism about the readiness of the new capital to start being occupied in 2024. The Indonesian government is planning to execute the relocation in stages, with an estimation that the new city will be ready to be occupied and inaugurated in 2024, and the development will be fully completed by 2045. However, despite the relocation, Jakarta will persist as Indonesia’s business hub and one of its primary economic contributors.
This text provides general information. Statista assumes no liability for the information given being complete or correct. Due to varying update cycles, statistics can display more up-to-date data than referenced in the text.
Published by Statista Research Department, Dec 21, 2023

Key insights

Population of Jakarta
10.7m
Per capita GRDP of Jakarta
298m IDR
Leading GRDP contributor of Jakarta
Wholesale and retail trade
Get more insights

Editor’s Picks Current statistics on this topic

Total population of Jakarta in Indonesia from 2013 to 2022 (in millions)

Population

Population of Jakarta, Indonesia 2013-2022

Population density in Jakarta in Indonesia from 2010 to 2022 (in 1,000s people per square kilometer)

Population

Population density in Jakarta, Indonesia 2010-2022

Distribution of the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) in Jakarta in Indonesia as of 2nd quarter of 2022, by sector

Economy

GRDP distribution in Jakarta, Indonesia 2022, by sector

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